Minus Related Pages. What kinds of tests are available, and how do they work? HIV Testing. HIV Testing Topics. Other Resources. Get tailored information about your risk and learn how to protect yourself. If you see a doctor within 72 hours , you may be eligible to start a medication to reduce your risk of contracting HIV. Regardless of the type of test you take after a potential HIV exposure, you should get tested again after the window period has passed to be certain.
People at higher risk of contracting HIV should get regularly tested as often as every 3 months. The window period refers to the time between when a person is first exposed to HIV and when it will show up on different types of HIV tests. A person can still transmit HIV to others during this period. This type of test measures antibodies to HIV. The body can take up to 3 months to produce these antibodies. Most people will have enough antibodies to test positive within 3 to 12 weeks after contracting HIV.
At 12 weeks, or 3 months, 97 percent of people have enough antibodies for an accurate test result. A healthcare professional can order this type of test.
It must be conducted at a lab. This type of test measures both antibodies and levels of the p24 antigen, which can be detected as soon as 2 weeks after exposure. In general, the majority of people will produce enough antigens and antibodies for these tests to detect HIV at 2 to 6 weeks after exposure. If you test negative at 2 weeks after you think you may have been exposed, your healthcare professional will likely recommend another test in 1 to 2 weeks, as this test can be negative in the very early stage of contracting an HIV infection.
There is typically enough viral material present for a positive result 10 to 33 days after possible exposure to HIV. Home testing kits such as OraQuick are antibody tests that you can complete at home using a sample of oral fluid. While results for this assay when testing plasma were broadly similar to those of equivalent laboratory tests, the window period is likely to be several days longer when testing fingerprick blood, as the test is normally used.
A few third-generation rapid, point-of-care tests are available. However, those estimates were based on testing plasma. In practice, tests are usually done on fingerprick blood and the window period is likely to be several days longer. Third-generation laboratory tests are no longer recommended for use.
Their window periods are similar to those of the INSTI third generation rapid test plasma samples , but a little shorter median 23 days. Many rapid, point-of-care tests are described as second generation. As these two substances are detectable sooner after HIV infection than IgG antibodies, second-generation tests have longer window periods.
In practice, tests are usually done on fingerprick blood or oral fluid and the window period is likely to be several days longer. No self-testing devices were included in this study. However, most self-tests are modified versions of rapid, point-of-care test kits that were originally designed for healthcare professionals. Most are based on second- generation tests, so are likely to have relatively long window periods. Content Source: HIV. Many Federal agencies have developed public awareness and education campaigns to address HIV prevention, treatment, care, and research.
Also included is information about campaigns related to the prevention and diagnosis of hepatitis B and C. El VIH es una amenaza de salud grave para las comunidades latinas, quienes se encuentran en gran desventaja respecto de la incidencia de esta enfermedad en los Estados Unidos. Want to stay abreast of changes in prevention, care, treatment or research or other public health arenas that affect our collective response to the HIV epidemic? Or are you new to this field?
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