A dietitian experienced in managing a kidney disease diet can also help. Find one at the American Nutrition and Dietetics website: www. You can, in partnership with your health care team, help control the effects of your kidney disease. A healthy, balanced diet with careful attention to phosphorus intake can help you do that.
Nelms, M. Diseases of the Renal System. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Gropper, S. In Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 5th ed. Belmont CA: Wadsworth. Posted: February 23, Author: Lauren Elkins. The main effects of hyperphosphatemia include changes in the hormones that regulate calcium metabolism and calcification of nonskeletal tissues, especially in the kidney [ 2 ].
Phosphorus can interact with certain medications, and some medications can have an adverse effect on phosphate levels. Two examples are provided below. Individuals taking these and other medications on a regular basis should discuss their phosphorus status with their healthcare providers.
Antacids Antacids that contain aluminum hydroxide, such as Maalox HRF and Rulox, bind phosphorus in the intestines, and their chronic use for 3 months or longer can therefore lead to hypophosphatemia [ 1 , 69 ].
These drugs can also aggravate existing phosphate deficiency. Antacids containing calcium carbonate Rolaids, Tums, Maalox also decrease instestinal absorption of dietary phosphorus [ 70 ]. Laxatives Some laxatives, such as Fleet Prep Kit 1, contain sodium phosphate, and ingesting these products can increase serum phosphate levels [ 71 ]. After 13 reports of deaths associated with taking one dose that was higher than recommended on the label of a laxative containing sodium phosphate, the FDA issued a warning that these products are potentially dangerous if more than recommended doses are taken, especially in people with kidney disease, heart disease, or dehydration [ 72 ].
The federal government's — Dietary Guidelines for Americans notes that "Because foods provide an array of nutrients and other components that have benefits for health, nutritional needs should be met primarily through foods. In some cases, fortified foods and dietary supplements are useful when it is not possible otherwise to meet needs for one or more nutrients e.
For more information about building a healthy dietary pattern, refer to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the U. Department of Agriculture's MyPlate. This fact sheet by the Office of Dietary Supplements provides information that should not take the place of medical advice.
We encourage you to talk to your healthcare providers doctor, registered dietitian, pharmacist, etc. Any mention in this publication of a specific product or service, or recommendation from an organization or professional society, does not represent an endorsement by ODS of that product, service, or expert advice.
Updated: March 26, History of changes to this fact sheet. Find ODS on:. Strengthening Knowledge and Understanding of Dietary Supplements.
Health Information Health Information. Phosphorus Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. References Heaney RP. Present Knowledge in Nutrition. Washington, DC: Wiley-Blackwell; Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board.
Habitual intakes, food sources and excretions of phosphorus and calcium in three German study collectives. Nutrients ; J Endocr Soc ; Nutr J ; Consequences of a high phosphorus intake on mineral metabolism and bone remodeling in dependence of calcium intake in healthy subjects - a randomized placebo-controlled human intervention study. Adv Nutr ; Regulation of serum phosphate. J Physiol ; Dietary phosphate and the forgotten kidney patient: a critical need for FDA regulatory action.
Am J Kidney Dis ; Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate. Laboratory Medicine ;ee Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for phosphorus. EFSA Journal ; Nutrients ;9. Assessing the health impact of phosphorus in the food supply: issues and considerations. Calcium effects on phosphorus absorption: implications for the prevention and co-therapy of osteoporosis. J Am Coll Nutr ; The prevalence of phosphorus-containing food additives in top-selling foods in grocery stores.
J Ren Nutr ; Contributions to total phosphorus intake: all sources considered. Semin Dial ; Changing phosphorus content of the U. J Nutr ;SS. Bioavailability of phosphorus. Calvo MS, Uribarri J. Phosphorus in the modern food supply: Underestimation of exposure. Impact of phosphorus-based food additives on bone and mineral metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab ; The human response to acute enteral and parenteral phosphate loads. JJ Am Soc Nephrol ; Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
Nutrient Data Laboratory Home Page, Food and Drug Administration. Department of Agriculture. FoodData Central. National Institutes of Health. Dietary Supplement Label Database. What We Eat in America, Gutierrez OM. The connection between dietary phosphorus, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: where we stand and what we need to know.
Public health impact of dietary phosphorus excess on bone and cardiovascular health in the general population. Am J Clin Nutr ; Overview of phosphorus homeostasis. Karpen HE. Mineral homeostasis and effects on bone mineralization in the preterm neonate. Clin Perinatol ; Phosphorus is a mineral found in your bones. Along with calcium, phosphorus is needed to build strong healthy bones, as well as, keeping other parts of your body healthy.
Normal working kidneys can remove extra phosphorus in your blood. When you have chronic kidney disease CKD , your kidneys cannot remove phosphorus very well. High phosphorus levels can cause damage to your body. Extra phosphorus causes body changes that pull calcium out of your bones, making them weak. High phosphorus and calcium levels also lead to dangerous calcium deposits in blood vessels, lungs, eyes, and heart.
Over time this can lead to increased risk of heart attack, stroke or death. Phosphorus and calcium control are very important for your overall health. A normal phosphorus level is 2. Ask your kidney doctor or dietitian what your last phosphorus level was and write it down to help keep track of it. Dialysis can remove some phosphorus from your blood. It is important for you to understand how to limit build-up of phosphorus between your dialysis treatments. You can keep you phosphorus level normal by understanding your diet and medications for phosphorus control.
Phosphorus can be found in foods organic phosphorus and is naturally found in protein-rich foods such as meats, poultry, fish, nuts, beans and dairy products.
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