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Semiconductors possess specific electrical properties. A substance that conducts electricity is called a conductor, and a substance that does not conduct electricity is called an insulator. Semiconductors are substances with properties somewhere between them. Electrical properties can be indicated by resistivity. Conductors such as gold, silver and copper have low resistance and conduct electricity easily.
Insulators such as rubber, glass and ceramics have high resistance and are difficult for electricity to pass through.
Semiconductors have properties somewhere between these two. Their resistivity might change according to the temperature for example. At a low temperature, almost no electricity passes through them. But when the temperature rises, electricity passes through them easily. Semiconductors containing almost no impurities conduct almost no electricity. P type: Mainly because of the holes. Entirely neutral. Holes are in the majority, and electrons are in the minority. No Intrinsic Semiconductor Extrinsic Semiconductor 1.
Semiconductor in a pure form is called intrinsic semiconductor Semiconductor which are doped with impurity is called extrinsic semiconductor 2. Here the change carriers are produced only due to thermal agitation Here the change carriers are produced due to impurities and may also be produced due to thermal agitation 3.
They have low electrical conductivity They have high electrical conductivity 4. They have low operating temperature They have high operating temperature 5. At 0K, Fermi level exactly lies betweeen condustion band and valence band At 0K, Fermi level exactly lies closer to conduction band in 'n' type semiconductor and lies near the valence band in 'p' type semiconductor Examples: Si, Ge, etc. Applications of semiconductors: Semiconductors are used in a number of applications.
Let's look at how semiconductors are used in everyday life. Almost all electronic devices contain semiconductors. Our lives would be very different if they didn't exist.
Their dependability, compactness, low cost, and regulated conductivity are all advantages. Semiconductors' Applications in Everyday Life: Semiconductor devices are used to make temperature sensors.
They are used in 3D printers. Microchips and self-driving vehicles use it. Calculators, solar plates, computers, and other electronic devices use this material. Semiconductors in Industrial Applications: Semiconductors' physical and chemical properties allow them to create technological marvels such as microchips, transistors, LEDs, and solar cells. Transistors and other controlling devices made of semiconductor materials create the microprocessor used to power the operation of space ships, trains, robots, and other devices.
Share this post. Like Follow article. EmmaAshely Follow. This is for example the case in salts or in diamond where these charges are bound in F-centers color centers. Or there may be some hopping mobility as in lithium-doped nickel oxide etc. Or there may be conductivity but only of one type. Sign up to join this community.
The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Learn more. What is so special about semiconductors? Ask Question. Asked 1 year, 1 month ago. Active 1 year, 1 month ago. Viewed times. Improve this question.
Vishnu 4, 5 5 gold badges 22 22 silver badges 66 66 bronze badges. Prithu biswas Prithu biswas 1 1 silver badge 9 9 bronze badges. Pretty much everything else follows from that. Add a comment. However, some techniques can help to flow current through semiconductors. With the help of the doping technique, the process where you add impurities in the semiconductor to increase the conductivity of the material; you can make a semiconductor behave like a good conducting material.
This will allow the current to flow through it easily. Some semiconductors are known to contain exciting electrons which emit light instead of producing heat. It is obvious that these type of semiconductors are used in the production of light emitting diodes.
This is the optical property of a semiconductor. Natwar Vala Let your dreams work into reality Follow. Semiconductors are of two types, depending on the type of impurities added to them. The majority of charge carriers are electrons. P-type p-type semiconductors are formed when we use trivalent impurities like aluminum or boron for doping. Now the properties of semiconductors make them useful in electronic devices.
No rattling noise is produced when the semiconductor is in action. Semiconductors are shockproof. Semiconductors are pocket-friendly and are easily available. Semiconductors require a very low voltage for operation. The circuits which are developed using semiconductors are very compact. Semiconductors have an unlimited lifetime. Engineering Courses. Analog and Digital Communication Dr. Kalpana Murugan 0 0 New Course.
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