What is secondary fsgs

Read the winning articles. Journal overview. Special Issues. Academic Editor: Andreas Kronbichler. Received 25 Dec Accepted 10 Mar Published 21 Mar Introduction Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis FSGS is now considered as a group of clinicopathological syndromes sharing a common histologic lesion characterized by focal and segmental scarring in glomerulus. Podocyte Injury and Glomerulosclerosis 2. Structure of Podocyte and Actin Cytoskeleton A large body of studies describe the structures and physiologic roles of podocyte supporting the fact that podocyte is dynamic [ 6 ].

Figure 1. Rearrangement of actin cytoskeletons. Microfilaments are connected between basal side of foot process and lamina densa LD of glomerular basement membrane. Figure 2. The shape of podocyte is changed with foot process effacement when mechanical or nonmechanical stresses are given or internal components are disrupted.

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Safai et al. Kim, M. Goyal, D. Kurnit et al. Nephrotic Syndrome: A set of symptoms that happen together and affect your kidneys. These include: Swelling in body parts like your legs, ankles, or around your eyes edema Large amounts of protein in your urine proteinuria Loss of protein in your blood High levels of fat lipids in your blood high cholesterol High blood pressure in some cases If the condition is advanced, the symptoms may be like those of kidney failure.

A blood test, urine test, and a kidney biopsy will determine if you have FSGS. Urine test : A urine test will help find protein and blood in your urine. Blood test: A blood test will help find levels of protein, cholesterol, and wastes in your blood.

Glomerular filtration rate GFR : A blood test will be done to know how well your kidneys are filtering the wastes from your body. Kidney biopsy: In this test, a tiny piece of your kidney is removed with a special needle, and looked at under a microscope. Genetic testing: A genetic test may be done to see if you were born with genes that caused your kidney disease. This information may help your doctor decide what type of treatment is best for you. How is FSGS treated? How Your Kidneys Work.

What is a Kidney Biopsy? FSGS can be caused by a variety of conditions. FSGS is a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure, for which the only treatment options are dialysis or kidney transplant. Treatment options for FSGS depend on the type you have. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, or FSGS, can be caused by a variety of conditions, like diabetes, sickle cell disease, other kidney diseases, and obesity.

It can also be caused by an infection and drug toxicity. A rare form of FSGS is caused by inherited abnormal genes. Sometimes there's no identifiable cause. Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.

When symptoms are present, the most common include: Swelling in parts of the body, most noticeable around the eyes, hands, feet, and abdomen edema Weight gain due to extra fluid building up in the body High blood pressure hypertension High fat levels in the blood high cholesterol Protein in the urine, which can be foamy proteinuria Low levels of protein in the blood hypoalbuminemia High levels of creatinine in the blood due to your kidneys not filtering properly.

Find out more about your lab values here. How is FSGS diagnosed? Other diagnostic tools may include: Urinalysis: determines the amount of protein in the urine Blood work: determines levels of creatinine, albumin, cholesterol, and many other factors examined to rule out other causes Glomerular filtration rate GFR : Your GFR estimates your kidney function by calculating blood creatinine levels with urine protein levels.

Click here for a GFR calculator. Ultrasound: sometimes performed to get a closer look at the kidneys. Who gets FSGS? What causes FSGS? Primary FSGS means that the disease occurred on its own without a known or obvious reason.

The exact cause of primary FSGS is unknown and not precisely understood. There are some known genetic causes of FSGS, and new gene variants are continually being discovered. Because of the genetic element, this type of FSGS tends to occur in families.