With all this confusion, it's time to investigate the story of Scotland Yard and some of its most infamous cases, from Jack the Ripper to the London bombings. The London police force was created in by an act introduced in Parliament by Home Secretary similar to the U.
Secretary of the Interior Sir Robert Peel—hence the nickname "bobbies," for policeman. The new police superseded the old system of watchmen. By these men had replaced the Bow Street Patrols, who enforced the decisions of magistrates, and the River Police, who worked to prevent crime along the Thames. The responsibility of organizing the new police force was placed on Colonel Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne, who occupied a private house at 4 Whitehall Place, the back of which opened onto a courtyard: the Great Scotland Yard.
The Yard's name was inspired by its site, a medieval palace which housed Scottish royalty on their visits to London. The staff of Scotland Yard was responsible for the protection of important individuals, community patrols, public affairs, recruitment and personnel management.
When the Yard sent out its first plainclothes police agents in , the public felt uncomfortable with these "spies" on the streets. But the force's role in several important cases, and the charisma of many of its detectives, helped it win the people's trust. One such personality, Inspector Charles Frederick Field, joined the force upon its establishment in He became good friends with Charles Dickens, who occasionally accompanied constables on their nightly rounds.
Field retired as a chief of the detective branch in In , four out of the five heads for the detective branch were brought to trial for conspiring with criminals in a betting scheme. In an effort to repair the force's tarnished reputation, Howard Vincent submitted a restructuring proposal to the force. Soon Vincent was appointed director of criminal investigations and he reorganized Scotland Yard, strengthening its central unit.
And with that, the Criminal Investigation Department CID , a respected unit of plainclothes police detectives, was born. The turn of the century saw many monumental events at Scotland Yard. Britain's "Bloody Sunday" occurred on November 13, , when 2, police officers disrupted a meeting in Trafalgar Square organized by the Social Democratic Federation, resulting in more than casualties.
A few years later, the force moved to its new building on the Victoria Embankment. The premises became known as New Scotland Yard. Wensley joined the force in , and his career was highlighted with many landmark cases, including the murder of year-old French woman Emilienne Gerard, also known as the "Blodie Belgium" case.
On the morning of November 2, , street sweepers found Gerard's torso along with a note reading "Blodie Belgium. Earlier in Wensley's career, he did minor detective work on the infamous case of Jack the Ripper, which had gripped London's East End.
Standardization took place from onwards, and in an act of parliament imposed the English versions of Imperial measures and defined the proportions of older measures to Imperial measures. Extract from the inventory of a tailor: Eleven eln coarse tow cloth at ten pence p[er] Ell. Distance The main units of linear measure were the foot and the mile.
The mile from the Roman mille passus or passuum was based on the Roman linear measure paces. According to the standard ell of Edinburgh, adopted in AREA The basic units of area were the rood and acre.
The rood from the word rod , meaning a measuring rod was the equivalent of 40 square falls. For more information about specific weights and measures and the development of Scottish weights and measures click on one of the following:. About us. Online Catalogue.
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